Black Race As A Social Determinant of Health and Outcomes After Lumbar Spinal Fusion Surgery: A Multistate Analysis, 2007-2014.

TitleBlack Race As A Social Determinant of Health and Outcomes After Lumbar Spinal Fusion Surgery: A Multistate Analysis, 2007-2014.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2020
AuthorsAladdin DE, Tangel V, Lui B, Pryor KO, Witkin LR, White RS
JournalSpine (Phila Pa 1976)
Date Published2020 Jan 15
ISSN1528-1159
Abstract

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of patient hospitalization and discharge records.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between race and inpatient postoperative complications following lumbar spinal fusion surgery.

SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Racial disparities in healthcare have been demonstrated across a range of surgical procedures. Previous research has identified race as a social determinant of health that impacts outcomes after lumbar spinal fusion surgery. However, these studies are limited in that they are outdated, contain data from a single institution, analyze small limited samples, and report limited outcomes. Our study aims to expand and update the literature examining the association between race and inpatient post-operative complications following lumbar spine surgery.

METHODS: We analyzed 267,976 patient discharge records for inpatient lumbar spine surgery using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's State Inpatient Databases for California, Florida, New York, Maryland, and Kentucky from 2007 through 2014. We used unadjusted bivariate analysis, adjusted multivariable, and stratified analysis to compare patient demographics, present-on-admission comorbidities, hospital characteristics, and complications by categories of race/ethnicity.

RESULTS: Black patients were 8% and 14% more likely than white patients to experience spine surgery specific complications (aOR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.13) and general post-operative complications (aOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07-1.20), respectively. Black patients, compared to white patients, also had increased adjusted odds of 30-day readmissions (aOR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.07-1.20), 90-day readmissions (aOR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.13), longer LOS (aIRR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.14-1.16), and higher total charges (aIRR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.07-1.09).

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that black patients, as compared to white patients, are more likely to have postoperative complications, longer postoperative lengths of stay, higher total hospital charges, and increased odds of 30- and 90- day readmissions following lumbar spinal fusion surgery.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

DOI10.1097/BRS.0000000000003367
Alternate JournalSpine
PubMed ID31939767

Center for Perioperative Outcomes
NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital 
Weill Cornell Medical Center
428 East 72nd Street, Suite 800A
New York, NY 10021
cpo@med.cornell.edu