Medicaid insurance as primary payer predicts increased mortality after total hip replacement in the state inpatient databases of California, Florida and New York.

TitleMedicaid insurance as primary payer predicts increased mortality after total hip replacement in the state inpatient databases of California, Florida and New York.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2017
AuthorsXu HF, White RS, Sastow DL, Andreae MH, Gaber-Baylis LK, Turnbull ZA
JournalJ Clin Anesth
Volume43
Pagination24-32
Date Published2017 Dec
ISSN1873-4529
KeywordsAdult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Female, Health Care Costs, Healthcare Disparities, Hospital Mortality, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Medicaid, Medically Uninsured, Medicare, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Perioperative Period, Postoperative Complications, Registries, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Social Determinants of Health, Socioeconomic Factors, United States
Abstract

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To confirm the relationship between primary payer status as a predictor of increased perioperative risks and post-operative outcomes after total hip replacements.

DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING: Administrative database study using 2007-2011 data from California, Florida, and New York from the State Inpatient Databases (SID), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

PATIENTS: 295,572 patients ageā‰„18years old who underwent total hip replacement with non-missing insurance data were collected, using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnoses and procedures code (ICD-9-CM code 81.51).

INTERVENTIONS: Patients underwent total hip replacement.

MEASUREMENTS: Patients were cohorted by insurance type as either Medicare, Medicaid, Uninsured, Other, and Private Insurance. Demographic characteristics and comorbidities were compared. Unadjusted rates of in-hospital mortality, postoperative complications, LOS, 30-day, and 90-day readmission status were compared. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated for our outcomes using multivariate linear and logistic regression models fitted to our data.

MAIN RESULTS: Medicaid patients incurred a 125% increase in the odds of in-hospital mortality compared to those with Private Insurance (OR 2.25, 99% CI 1.01-5.01). Medicaid payer status was associated with the highest statistically significant adjusted odds of mortality, any complication (OR, 1.26), cardiovascular complications (OR, 1.37), and infectious complications (OR, 1.66) when compared with Private Insurance. Medicaid patients had the highest statistically significant adjusted odds of 30-day (OR, 1.63) and 90-day readmission (OR, 1.58) and the longest adjusted LOS.

CONCLUSIONS: We found higher unadjusted rates and risk adjusted odds ratios of postoperative mortality, morbidity, LOS, and readmissions for patients with Medicaid insurance as compared to patients with Private Insurance. Our study shows that primary payer status serves as a predictor of perioperative risks and that primary payer status should be viewed as a peri-operative risk factor.

DOI10.1016/j.jclinane.2017.09.008
Alternate JournalJ Clin Anesth
PubMed ID28972923
PubMed Central IDPMC5698092
Grant ListKL2 TR001071 / TR / NCATS NIH HHS / United States
TL1 TR001072 / TR / NCATS NIH HHS / United States
UL1 TR001073 / TR / NCATS NIH HHS / United States

Center for Perioperative Outcomes
NewYork-Presbyterian HospitalĀ 
Weill Cornell Medical Center
428 East 72nd Street, Suite 800A
New York, NY 10021
cpo@med.cornell.edu